Propaganda and Foreign Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Purposeful publicity and Foreign Policy - Essay Example As indicated by Noam Chomsky (1999), â€Å"within the dominant social request, the overall population must stay an object of control, not a member in thought, banter and decision† (Noam Chomsky, 1999, p.131). Promulgation is additionally characterized as, Purposeful publicity isn't equivalent to publicizing or workmanship. Craftsmanship today is distracted with conceptual thoughts; publicizing attempts to get you to purchase something. Purposeful publicity, then again, is keen on causing you to think something. It is the more grounded cultural power; when you begin trusting in a thought or philosophy you will purchase anything †figurative or exacting †it attempts to sell you. When the general population was frightened into trusting Iraq was attempting to secure weapons of mass demolition, they didn’t appear to mind that they were being taken care of lies again and again. Lies and misdirecting explanations were immediately acknowledged as support and legitimiza tion for a specific perspective, in any event, when refuted. Promulgation is that solid (MLC, 2012, p.1). This paper will look at this announcement in deciding the perspectives on society concerning the jobs played by the elites and the media. The connection between the broad communications and purposeful publicity is to be sure perplexing and in no way, shape or form a straight procedure. The paper will consider whether the broad communications mirrors the decision first class philosophy and whether it is unavoidable. An examination will be made of how advancement in correspondences impacts promulgation and whether such improvements make publicity pretty much significant and viable. An assessment will likewise be made of whether moment correspondence alternatives, for example, satellite TV give reality concerning occasions with regards to speaking to target reality or intervening the truth. Harold Lasswell, who was a humanist, had composed after the finish of the First World War th at there was an unmistakable relationship among the war and purposeful publicity. He was of the supposition that damp Americans had recently begun learning around then, in spite of the fact that not a century later: â€Å"A new and subtler instrument must weld thousands and even a huge number of individuals into one amalgamated mass of despise will and trust. Another will must wear out of the blister of contradiction and temper the steel of aggressive excitement. The name of this new sledge and blacksmith's iron of social solidarity is promulgation. Talk must replace drill; print must flexibly the move. War moves live in writing, and at the edges of present day earth; war promulgation inhales and exhaust in the capitals and territories of the world.† Another model is of what occurred, following the finish of the Second World War; Germany had gotten a significant financial and political worldwide asset for the partnered countries, especially the US and the USSR. It is right to state in this setting all fights are battled on two fronts; the war front and people’s minds, through purposeful publicity. It is in this manner genuine that the decent individuals and the awful individuals can be held blameworthy of misleading their residents through created, off base, emotional and misrepresented news and data, with the prime target of getting support and a sentiment of authenticity. Purposeful publicity serves well in revitalizing residents for a given reason however it is for the most part done through distortion and deception comparative with the provided issues so as to get people’s endorsement and backing (Hale, 1975). Purposeful publicity can't be supposed to be new in war. It has consistently been a piece everything being equal and is viewed as an implies that is utilized by governments for crippling their adversaries and activating their countries. It is clear that while battling a war, there is a requirement for the creation and support of feelings among troopers and

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Twyla Tharp Twyla Tharp, an American artist and choreographer, was conceived on July 1, 1941 in Portland, Oregon. When Twyla was a youngster her and her folks moved to Southern California and the family opened a drive-in cinema the Twyla worked at from the age of eight. Twyla started taking piano exercises at two years old and move exercises at four years old. Twyla’s mother needed her little girl to be cultivated in numerous fields so she selected her girl in different expressions and different classes, for example, French, German, and shorthand. Not long after starting her move exercises Twyla built up a profound enthusiasm for all the kinds of move accessible to her. Twyla went to Pacific High School in San Bernardino, California and learned at the Vera Lynn school of Dance. After High school Twyla left home to go to Pomona College and later moved to Bernard College in New York City where she examined craftsmanship history. Twyla later discovered she had an exceptional energy in move s o she took move classes off grounds and started to learn at the American Ballet Theater School where she concentrated with numerous incredible artists and...

Are Loot Boxes Going to be Banned

Are Loot Boxes Going to be Banned Are Loot Boxes Going to be Banned? Are Loot Boxes Going to be Banned?You may have heard about pay-to-play, but what about pay-to-win?The U.S. Federal Trade Commission recently concluded a workshop on loot boxes. Those who do not regularly play video games may not have heard about loot boxes before. They may find it odd that the concept is receiving the scrutiny of the federal government, as well as various state governments and other governments around the world.The concern could be more understandable if you refer to loot box mechanics by a different name: selling gambling to children.What are loot boxes?Video games have been selling add-on content for decades now. While computer game expansion packs were standard throughout the nineties, the new millennium has brought a wealth of ways to give your wealth to game publishers. With the widespread adoption of free-to-play mobile games, publishers needed a way to guarantee regular income from users.“Games now are designed for easy and free (‘freemium’) entry,” ex plained Jim Wasserman, former business litigation attorney and writer at Your Third Life. “Gamers get into the game easily, but at some point they start topping out in ability to win with just the free resources. At that point, the game offers ‘bonus packs’ (loot boxes) for real money that offer the possibility of better in-game gear/cards. The insidiousness is that there is only a possibility of getting what the player wants, so it is a gamble in buying one.”While this monetization method may have started with free-to-play games, it has since made the jump to full-priced experiences. Whereas once there was outrage over the announcement of $2.50 “horse armor” in the Elder Scrolls, games like FIFA 2019 now include loot box mechanics that encourage players to spend money for just the chance of getting what they want.Is it gambling?Spending money for the chance at a desired result seems like it could fit a wide definition of gambling.“These ‘pay-to-win’ loot boxes are arguably a type of gambling, which has long been illegal in many places and almost exclusively illegal to minors,” said regulatory attorney Braden Perry. “Loot boxes usually contain a number of different items of different rarities. The rarer the item, the less chance the purchaser has of finding it.”For a personal example of how these quasi-gambling mechanics can impact children, Wasserman shared his story with us: “Kids dont want to let their characters/levels that they built up whither, and younger ones dont understand the notion of odds. They think that if 1-in-10 has something good, they need to buy 100, as my own son once expressed when young. Kids are using parents credit cards without the parents knowing, and perhaps worst of all, the process inculcates bad long-term spending habits and financial understanding. One has to keep ‘buying up’ to stay in the game; there is little to no game reward for saving.”The law steps inConcern over loot boxes and the prospect of child gambling has led to intervention from governments around the world, according to Samuel Franklin, CEO of Games Finder.“An inquiry held in late 2018 within Australia explored these risks and the need for intervention while providing a list of five fundamental recommendations that strike at the heart of the issue,” Franklin said. “These would provide a preventative foundation based around warning label disclosures and having game age ratings scaled up where loot boxes are present.  This is in contrast to other countries that are taking a more direct approach, such as Belgium and the Netherlands, that have made it clear that loot boxes are in breach of their current gambling laws and thus illegal.”Franklin explained some countries have opted for greater transparency rather than outright prohibition: “China and South Korea have been content to require disclosure of all probabilities of obtaining specific items from loot box mechanics and fining companies that fail to comply.”Aside from the FTC workshop, there is already legislation under consideration at the federal level in the United States.“One interesting piece of legislation has been introduced by U.S. Senator Josh Hawley (R-MO),” Perry said. “It’s called The Protecting Children from Abusive Games Act and would ban loot boxes and ‘pay-to-win’ microtransactions in titles targeted at or popular among minors, similar to the FTC’s COPA analysis. But like COPA, the proposed legislation would be highly subjective and difficult to enforce. While I believe it’s more of a ‘shot across the bow’ at the industry as these loot boxes become more popular, the gaming industry should take note. You will likely see the gaming industry attempt self-policing policies to prevent overarching legislation.”So while thats the current conversation around loot box legislation in the United States, we would still advise against gambling on whether legislation will pass.ContributorsSamuel Frank lin is the founder of Games Finder, a video game recommendation website for finding similar games. Sam has been in the gaming industry for more than 10 years as a writer and YouTube content creator. He also has a compliance background in Australia working with businesses to meet obligations set out by the leading regulatory bodies, ASIC and APRA. Follow him  @GamesFinder.Braden Perry is a litigation, regulatory, and government investigations attorney with Kennyhertz Perry, LLC.   He has the unique tripartite experience of a white-collar criminal defense and government compliance, investigations, and litigation attorney at a national law firm; a senior enforcement attorney at a federal regulatory agency; and the chief compliance officer/chief regulatory attorney of a global financial institution. Perry has extensive experience advising clients in federal inquiries and investigations, particularly in enforcement matters involving novel or emerging issues. He couples his technical know ledge and experience defending clients in front of federal agencies with a broad-based understanding of compliance from an institutional and regulatory perspective. Follow him  @bradenmperry.Jim Wasserman is a former business litigation attorney who taught economics and media literacy for 20 years. Jim’s three-book series on teaching behavioral economics and media literacy,   Media, Marketing, and Me, will publish in 2019. Jim currently lives in Granada, Spain, and with his wife, writes a blog on retirement, finance, and living abroad at YourThirdLife.com. Jim dreamed of a Hemingway-like life of writing in Spain, but so far to that end has only amassed a houseful of cats.

Malcolm Xs Legacy - 1813 Words

Malcolm X’s legacy to the struggle for black equality in the USA went far beyond focusing on solely equality. Malcolm X hardly forgot the fact that he was the ‘servant’ and not the ‘master’ of the black nation’s aspirations and dreams. Malcolm X resisted the objective of integration and encouraged blacks to build their own society. ‘We can never win freedom and justice and equality until we do something for ourselves’.[i] He felt they should shield themselves against violence, ‘by any means necessary’. Malcolm X confronted the United States to protect its own hypothetical qualities. He held up a mirror for the country to scrutinize itself, now was the reflection showing too much for some white individuals in America? Malcolm X still†¦show more content†¦Malcolm was motivated to accomplish and fight through the struggle for black equality in the USA. We can witness the dramatic changes in Malcolm X’s philosophy, as, whilst he was a part of the Nation of Islam, he discouraged anyone who was converted to Black Nationalism to enter a church whereby white nationalism would be advocated. However, the innovative Malcolm put aside his philosophy for the importance of black unity, defined by the Black Nationalism’s politics. Malcolm X stated, ‘join any kind of organization- civic, religious, fraternal, political...lifting the black man up and making him master of his community.’[vii] This shows one step forward in accomplishing a solution to the problem of black unity. Malcolm’s famous ‘Ballot or bullet’ speech intended to motivate blacks to be in control of their own political fortune by restructuring their lives, eliminating their given role as submissive victims and recognising their ‘God- given’ role as dynamic freedom fighters. ‘We cannot think of uniting with others, until after we have first united among ourselves.’[viii] This shows, it wasn’t vital to alter the white guy’s mind, if there was warmth amongst the blacks, nothing else mattered. Without education, you re not going anywhere in this world.[ix] Malcolm believed the only way a black individual would go far was with education. However, due to discrimination, there were no fair opportunities for them. Moreover,Show MoreRelatedMalcolm Xs Legacy from the Ghetto to Activist2003 Words   |  9 PagesMalcolm X, also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz’s legacy is about one’s personal transformation of a self-made man. A man who once associated himself with hustling and crime as a ghetto pup; then to a staunch radical activist, to a political figure, and to becoming one of the most influential African Americans in history. To some he was admired as a courageous human rights activist for blacks, and in some others eyes, he was a man who preached racism and violence towards the whites. Before hisRead MoreThe Significance of the Role of Malcolm X on African American Activists1634 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent was the role of Malcolm X significant in th e rise of radical African American activism (1965-1968)? A. Plan of the Investigation To what extent was the role of Malcolm X significant in the rise of radical African American activism (1965-1968)? This investigation will assess the significance of Malcolm X’s significance in giving rise to African American activism. Malcolm X’s motives, involvement in the civil rights movement and his leadership will all be discussed in order toRead MoreMalcolm X : An International Treasure1736 Words   |  7 Pagesleads to a desire to make a change. Malcolm Little, better known as Malcolm X, suffered most of his life due to racism. The racism and discrimination he endured became so overwhelming that he decided to make a change and take action against white supremacy for blacks in America(Biography.com Editors). As an African-American, he and other African-Americans risked their lives to create a better life for themselves and the African-American race. The challenges that Malcolm X overcame and his success in hisRead MoreEssay about Malcolm X and Gandhi568 Words   |  3 PagesGandhi and Malcolm X left behind legacies that still influence the world today. One of the major fact ors that impacted these two historical figures was religion. The characteristics of Hinduism definitely had an effect on Gandhi’s peaceful and nonviolent views, just like the Islamic religion guided Malcolm X’s beliefs of by any means necessary. Their religious affiliations were not only deciding factors in their lives, but also played a key part in their deaths Gandhi’s Hinduism and Malcolm X’s IslamicRead MoreMalcolm X2078 Words   |  9 PagesHistory Individual History Essay To what extent did Malcolm X play a positive role in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and the 1960s in America? Word Count: 1923 words To a limited extent Malcolm X played a positive role in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s in America. Malcolm X was an African-American Muslim minister, leader and human rights activist. During the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 60s Malcolm X became one of the most prominent advocates for the rightsRead MoreMalcolm X : An Emotional Breakdown851 Words   |  4 PagesMalcolm X was born Malcolm Little. He was born May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska. His parents were Louis Norton Little and Earl Little. His parents had eight children. His mother was a homemaker and his father was an outspoken Baptist leader. His father’s civil rights activism got him sent death threats from the Black Legion. This made his family relocate twice before his fourth birthday. In 1929, his home in Lansing, Michigan was burned. In 1931, when Malcolm was only six years old, his father’sRead MoreUtilization Of The Situational Approach1249 Words   |  5 Pagesapproach to leadership, Malcolm X was a 9,9 team management style of leader. The theory suggests that leaders essentially conduct task behaviors and relationship behaviors when influencing followers. The combination of a strong emphasis on tasks and interpersonal relationships produces team management style leaders. The â€Å"interdependence through a common stake in organization purpose leads to relationships of trust and respect. (Northouse 76) The trust and respect Malcolm X built from being authenticRead MoreMalcolm X Essay855 Words   |  4 PagesMalcolm X was one of the most prominent and controversial leaders during the civil rights era of the 1950’s and 1960’s. By the early 1960’s he had grown frustrated with the non violent, integrated struggle for civil rights and worried that blacks would ultimately lose control of their own movement. Malcolm X was a key spokesman for the nation of Islam, epitomized the â€Å"Black Power† philosophy. Malcolm became an influential leader of the nation of islam, which combined Islam with black nationalismRead MoreMalcolm X Assassination Essay808 Words   |  4 PagesBohannon Mr.Cheney 9th Grade Literature December 7th 2017 The Unjust Assassination of Malcolm X At the young age of 39, Malcolm X was assassinated by Thomas Hagan in cold blood. In Washington Heights, New York City , NY in the Audubon Ballroom(Malcolm X Assassinated), he was shot 15 times at point blank range. The date of February 21, 1965 signified the Nation of Islams, once great leader’s fall. Although Malcolm X was seen as dangerous because of his disagreement to non violent protest, his AssassinationRead MoreEssay on MLK and Malcolm X1279 Words   |  6 Pages Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X were very influential civil rights advocates during the nineteen-fifties and nineteen-sixties, and continue to have an influence on people today. However, Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X have quite different legacies, of which are based on quite different philosophies and tactics. To understand why Dr. King and Malcolm X had drastically different thoughts and approaches to civil rights in the United States, their lives must also be looked at — as their

U.s. Vice President Of Strategic Planning Essay - 885 Words

Executive Summary Our project report is based upon the Japanese Company Taka that has been making top-of-the-line heavy duty work boots. The vice president of the Strategic Planning has asked me to come up with a strategy that will help the company enter into the US foreign market. We will have to first explore and analyze the market on heavy boots in the United States before entering our product into their market. There has been a report created by myself that will go into detail on how we can achieve this goal. The parts that will be covered in this reports are as followed: introduction into the brand, mission, analysis, strategy, goals, and so on. Going through this plan will show how we can enter the United States Market. Introduction The Vice President of Strategic Planning has given me the task of creating a preliminary strategy for entering one or more foreign market. This company is a multinational company and makes heavy duty work boots for consumers. The company is called Taka and resides in Japan, but are looking into entering the United States market. The boots were originally made for people who work in construction. It became popular with its comfort and quality that it is now made for other professions or just for style and are being made in the United States. The boots that Taka makes are comfortable and people are able to work in areas that are snowy or hazardous without any problems (Holm, 2006). Taka co. has been selling its boots in malls and retailShow MoreRelatedKfc - Japan595 Words   |  3 Pagessecret seasoning mix of 11 herbs and spices. †¢ Sold 700 franchises 9 years. †¢ Sander’s management style – relied on basic goodness of people around him and trusted the franchises to play fairly. 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Several major aviation manufacturers in the United States (U.S.) and in Europe recognized the need for special, large transport aircraft and began producing special air freighters to meet the needs of this special market. During this time, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), also known as the Soviet Union or Russia, and the U.S. were in the middle of the Cold War and shipping embargos and trade restrictions were in place against the USSRRead MoreMy Personal Action Plan For 20171464 Words   |  6 PagesIncluded in my Personal Action Plan for 2017 are several goals that I need to achieve in order to reach my long-term personal objectives. They include, earning a promotion to Vice President, saving $3.5 million for retirement, maintaining my health, and attaining an MBA degree. All four long-term objectives are specific, relevant to me, in line with my life goals, and time-bound. Most importantly, they are attainable, so I can set new goals once these are met. 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INTRODUCTION Copley Manufacturing Company was primarily a manufacturer of a wide line of cutting tools and related parts and supplies. Late in 1980, Mr. Sagan, director of corporate development and Mr. Albert, executive vice president agreed that regular formal planning should become part of management s way of life at Copley. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In 1981, Copley Manufacturing Company had begun formalRead MoreEvaluation Of Burnham Hospital s Mission, Vision, And Values Statements959 Words   |  4 Pagesand hope for better than average execution of services. According to Catharyn Gildesgame, MBA, Vice President, Strategic Planning and Implementation, McLean’s vision was announced as part of the organization’s strategic plan in 2008 (personal communication, May 5, 2016). In a letter to the McLean Community, President and Psychiatrist and Chief, Scott L. Rauch, MD, thanked the one-hundred member planning group, who collaborated for 14-months, on identifying McLean’s identity and aspiration, â€Å"As a team

Stefan’s Diaries Bloodlust Chapter 2~3 Free Essays

string(42) " Gilberts voice sliced through the woods\." Chapter 2 Damon and I crouched in the cemeterys hemlock grove behind the mausoleums that housed the bones of Mystic Falls founders. Despite the early hour, already the townspeople stood stoop-shouldered around a gaping hole in the ground. Puffs of air curled into the cerulean blue sky with the crowds every exhalation, as if the entire congregation were smoking celebratory cigars rather than trying to calm their chattering teeth. We will write a custom essay sample on Stefan’s Diaries: Bloodlust Chapter 2~3 or any similar topic only for you Order Now My heightened senses took in the scene before us. The cloying smell of vervain–an herb that rendered vampires powerless–hung heavy in the air. The grass was laden with dew, each drop of water falling to the earth with a silvery ping, and far off in the distance church bells chimed. Even from this distance, I could see a tear lodged in the corner of Honoria Fellss eye. Down at the pulpit, Mayor Lockwood shuffled from foot to foot, clearly eager to get the crowds attention. I could just make out the winged figure above him, the angel statue that marked my mothers final resting place. Two empty plots lay just beyond, where Damon and I should have been buried. The mayors voice sliced through the cold air, his voice as loud to my sensitive ears as if he were standing right next to me. â€Å"We come together today to say farewell to one of Mystic Falls greatest sons, Giuseppe Salvatore, a man for whom town and family always came before self.† Damon kicked the ground. â€Å"The family he killed. The love he destroyed, the lives he shattered,† he muttered. â€Å"Shhh,† I whispered as I pressed my palm against his forearm. â€Å"If I were to paint a portrait of this great mans life,† Lockwood continued over the sniffles and sighs of the crowd, â€Å"Giuseppe Salvatore would be flanked by his two fallen sons, Damon and Stefan, heroes of the battle of Willow Creek. May we learn from Giuseppe, emulate him, and be inspired to rid our town of evil, either seen or unseen.† Damon let out a low, rattling scoff. â€Å"The portrait he paints,† he said, â€Å"should contain the muzzle flash of Fathers rifle.† He rubbed the place where Fathers bullet had ripped through his chest only a week earlier. There was no physical wound–our transformation healed all injuries–but the betrayal would be etched in our minds forever. â€Å"Shhh,† I said again as Jonathan Gilbert strode up to stand beside Mayor Lockwood, holding a large veiled frame. Jonathan looked to have aged ten years in seven short days: lines creased his tanned forehead, and streaks of white were visible in his brown hair. I wondered if his transformation had something to do with Pearl, the vampire he loved but had condemned to death after finding out what she really was. I spotted Clementines parents in the crowd, arms clasped, not yet aware that their daughter was not among the somber-faced girls in the back of the crowd. Theyd find out soon enough. My thoughts were interrupted by an insistent clicking, like a watch counting or a fingernail tapping against a hard surface. I scanned the crowd, trying to trace the ticking to its point of origin. The sound was slow and steady and mechanical, steadier than a heartbeat, slower than a metronome. And it seemed to be coming directly from Jonathans hand. Clementines blood rushed to my head. The compass. Back when Father first became suspicious of vampires, hed created a committee of men to rid the town of the demonic scourge. Id attended the meetings, which had taken place in Jonathan Gilberts attic. Hed had plans for a contraption to identify vampires, and Id witnessed him using it in action the week before. It was how hed discovered Pearls true nature. I elbowed Damon. â€Å"We have to go,† I said, barely moving my jaw. Just then Jonathan looked up, and his eyes locked directly onto mine. He let out an unholy shriek and pointed to our mausoleum. â€Å"Demon!† The crowd turned toward us as one, their stares cutting through the fog like bayonets. Then something rushed past me, and the wall behind me exploded. A cloud of powder billowed around us, and chips of marble slashed across my cheek. I bared my fangs and roared. The sound was loud, primal, terrifying. Half the crowd knocked over chairs in their haste to flee the cemetery, but the other half remained. â€Å"Kill the demons!† Jonathan cried, brandishing a crossbow. â€Å"I think they mean us, brother,† Damon said with a short, humorless laugh. And so I grabbed Damon and ran. Chapter 3 With Damon behind me, I raced through the forest, jumping over felled branches and skipping over stones. I leaped over the waist-high iron gate of the cemetery, turning briefly to make sure Damon was still following. We zigzagged deep into the woods, the gunshots sounding like fireworks in my ear, the shrieks of the townspeople like breaking glass, their heavy breathing like low-rolling thunder. I could even hear the footfalls of the crowd pursuing me, each step sending vibrations through the ground. I silently cursed Damon for being so stubborn. If hed been willing to drink before today, hed be at full strength, and our newfound speed and agility would have already taken us far away from this mess. As we cut through the thicket, squirrels and voles scattered from the underbrush, their blood quickening in the presence of predators. A whinny and a snort sounded from the far edge of the cemetery. â€Å"Comeon.† I grabbed Damon by the waist and hoisted him to his feet again. â€Å"We have to keep moving.† I could hear the blood pumping, smell the iron, feel the ground shaking. I knew the mob was more afraid of me than I of them; but still, the sound of gunshots caused my mind to whirl, my body to lurch forward. Damon was weak and I could only carry him so far. Another gunshot cracked, closer this time. Damon stiffened. â€Å"Demons!† Jonathan Gilberts voice sliced through the woods. You read "Stefan’s Diaries: Bloodlust Chapter 2~3" in category "Essay examples" Another bullet whizzed past me, grazing my shoulder. Damon flopped forward in my arms. â€Å"Damon!† The word echoed in my ears, sounding so much like the worddemonthat it startled me. â€Å"Brother!† I shook him, then began awkwardly dragging him behind me again toward the sounds of the horses. But despite having just fed, my strength wouldnt last forever, and the footsteps were coming closer and closer. Finally we reached the edge of the cemetery, where several horses were tied to the iron hitching posts. They pawed at the ground, pulling on the ropes that tethered them so hard that their necks bulged. One coal-black mare was none other than my old horse, Mezzanotte. I stared at her, mesmerized at how desperate she appeared to be to get away from me. Just a few days earlier, I was the only rider shed trusted. Footfalls sounded again. I tore my gaze away, shaking my head at being so sentimental. I pulled Fathers old hunting knife from the top of my boot. It had been the one thing Id taken when Id walked through Veritas, our family estate, one last time. Hed always had it with him, although Id never seen him use it. Father had never been one to work with his hands. Still, in my minds eye, the knife conveyed the power and authority that everyone had associated with my father. I put the blade to the rope that tied Mezzanotte, but it didnt make even the smallest cut. Looking down, I saw the knife for what it was: a dull blade that could barely cut through twine, polished to look important. It was well suited to Father, I thought in disgust, throwing the knife to the ground and yanking at the ropes with my bare hands. The footsteps came closer and I looked wildly behind me. I had wanted to free all the horses so Jonathan and his men couldnt ride them, but there simply wasnt time. â€Å"Hey, girl,† I murmured, stroking Mezzanottes elegant neck. She pawed the ground nervously, her heart pounding. â€Å"Its me,† I whispered as I swung myself onto her back. She reared up, and out of surprise, I kicked her so hard in the flanks that I heard the snap of a rib breaking. Instantly, she yielded in submission, and I trotted her to Damon. â€Å"Come on,† I yelled. A flicker of doubt passed across Damons eyes, but then he reached over Mezzanottes broad back and hoisted himself up. Whether it was fear or instinct, his willingness to flee gave me hope that he was not resolved to die, after all. â€Å"Kill them!† a voice yelled, and someone threw a burning torch toward us that arced and landed on the grass at Mezzanottes feet. Instantly, the grass began to burn, and Mezzanotte bolted in the opposite direction of the quarry. Hoofs thudded behind us–the men had leaped on the other horses and were now fast on our tail. Another gunshot rang out behind us, followed by the twang of a bow. Mezzanotte reared up, letting out a high whinny. Damon slipped, grappling to hold on to the underside of Mezzanottes neck, while I tugged at the leather straps, trying to keep us upright. Only after a few steps backward did all four of Mezzanottes hooves get back on the dirt. As Damon righted himself, I saw a slim wooden arrow jutting out from the horses haunches. It was a clever tactic. At a distance, the mob had a far better chance of slowing down our horse than of striking one of us straight through the heart. Hunched low over Mezzanotte, we galloped under branches and pressed on. She was a strong horse, but she favored her left side, where the arrow had gone in. A wet streak of my own blood was streaming down my temple and onto my shirt, and Damons grip on my waist was dangerously loose. Still, I urged Mezzanotte forward. I was relying on instinct, on something beyond thinking and planning. It was as if I could smell freedom and possibility, and just had to trust that Id lead us to it. I pulled the reins and steered out of the woods and into the field behind Veritas Estate. On any other rainy morning there would have been lights in the window of our old home, the lamps giving the bubbled glass an orange-yellow look of sunset. Our maid, Cordelia, would have been singing in the kitchen, and Fathers driver, Alfred, would be sitting sentry by the entrance. Father and I would be sitting in companionable silence in the breakfast room. Now the estate was a cold shell of its former self: the windows dark, the grounds completely silent. It had only been empty for a week, yet Veritas looked as though it had been abandoned for ages. We leaped over the fence and landed unsteadily. I just barely managed to right us with a hard tug on the reins, the metal of the clacking against Mezzanottes teeth. Then we thundered around the side of the house, my skin clammy as we passed Cordelias plot of vervain, the tiny stalks ankle-high. â€Å"Where are you taking us, brother?† Damon asked. I heard three sets of splashing hooves as Jonathan Gilbert, Mayor Lockwood, and Sheriff Forbes cut along the pond at the back of our property. Mezzanotte wheezed, a peach froth lining her mouth, and I knew that outriding them wouldnt be a possibility. Suddenly, the throaty wail of a train whistled through the morning, blocking out the hooves, the wind, and the metallic rasp of a gun reloading. â€Å"Were getting on that train,† I said, kicking Mezzanotte in the flanks. Bearing down, she picked up speed and sailed over the stone wall that separated Veritas from the main road. â€Å"Cmon, girl,† I whispered. Her eyes were wild and terrified, but she ran faster down the road and onto Main Street. The charred church came into sight, blackened bricks rising up like teeth from the ashen earth. The apothecary had also been burned to the ground. Crucifixes were affixed to every single doorframe in town; vervain sprigs were hung in garlands over most. I barely recognized the place Id lived all my seventeen years. Mystic Falls wasnt my home. Not anymore. Behind us, Jonathan Gilbert and Mayor Lockwoods horses were approaching faster and faster. Ahead of us, I could hear the train drawing nearer, grinding against the rails. The froth at Mezzanottes mouth was turning pink with blood. My fangs were dry, and I licked my parched lips, wondering if this constant desire for blood came with being a new vampire, or if I would always feel this way. â€Å"Ready to go, brother?† I asked, yanking Mezzanottes reins. She halted, giving me just enough time to jump off before she collapsed onto the ground, blood rushing from her mouth. A shot rang out, and blood spurted from Mezzanottes flank. I yanked Damon by the wrists and hurled us onto the caboose just before the train roared out of the station, leaving Jonathan Gilbert and Mayor Lockwoods angry cries far behind. How to cite Stefan’s Diaries: Bloodlust Chapter 2~3, Essay examples

Dover Beach Poetry Analysis Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Dover Beach Poetry Analysis Essay, Research Paper DOVER BEACH Dover Beach is a really # 8216 ; temper # 8217 ; arousing verse form. We are first met with an grasp for the sea and different emotions that is draws to the perceiver. However as the verse form progresses we are bit by bit introduced to a big metaphor for love and like the sea is able to arouse many tempers, and different emotions, whether comfortable or decayed. The poet describes the emotions with utmost passion and possibly with little crazes. We are given as sense of loss by this craze which becomes clearer in the last stanza. The rubric of this verse form, # 8216 ; Dover Beach # 8217 ; , truly sets the scene to the reader about immediately. Dover, with its white drops, giving us a sense of laterality and impressiveness. The poet may hold done this as to put the temper for the gap stanza.For others it may arouse a idea or memory of the yesteryear. We will write a custom essay sample on Dover Beach Poetry Analysis Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Possibly on childhood vacations with your parents. The could be arousing these ideas so that you can sympathize subsequently to what he is sing in the verse form. This puting for many, will of class conveying the Channel to mind, a mammoth image, arousing once more ideas, this clip of France. The rubric itself nevertheless does non give you any emotional penetration into the verse form. I feel the poet did this as to non alarm the reader to what is traveling to exceed upon them further in the verse form. The verse forms opening stanza is to get down with really soft and tranquil, # 8216 ; The sea is unagitated tonight # 8217 ; . The words the poet utilizations are delighting, # 8216 ; Gleams, Sweet, gleaming # 8217 ; . The temper for the verse form is being set. The reader is filled with visions of peace and a sense of being content # 8216 ; sweet is the dark air! # 8217 ; .However the temper of the verse form dramatically alterations. The poet begins to utilize words which changes the temper and are immensely different from the old lines, # 8216 ; howl, decelerate, unhappiness # 8217 ; . This sudden emotional alteration to me is a symbol of his love or life. Once the poets life was calm like the seas # 8217 ; in the gap line. The poets life has no changed into a convulsion of emotions, which are charged like the sea, # 8216 ; the moving ridges suck back, and crack, At their return # 8217 ; This sudden alteration in temper in the verse form is really simil Ar to the altering temper of the sea, for which the first stanza is explicating. In the 2nd stanza we are really able to larn more of the poets analogy. The poet believes that the noise of the sea, can convey in the # 8216 ; flow // Of human wretchedness # 8217 ; . This is what he claims happened to Sophocles. This analogy is possibly what besides happened to the poets life. The composure see turned into a continual waring swash in his psyche which brought with it wretchedness. However the last line of the stanza tells us that this noise does non convey with it merely human wretchedness but besides a idea, the poet does non lucubrate this theory so we are left to presume this alterations from individual to individual. # 8216 ; in the sound a thought. # 8217 ; The sea once more in the 3rd stanza represents his loss of religion. This loss of religion is intricately described as disappearance in the darks wind # 8216 ; to the breath of the night-wind # 8217 ; .Here the poet builds up a clear image of the air current being personified, # 8216 ; to the breath # 8217 ; and taking this religion down to the # 8216 ; huge borders # 8217 ; and with it besides the # 8216 ; bare herpes zosters of the universe # 8217 ; This thought of bare herpes zosters, is possibly how the poet feels himself to be. Isolated from anyone else, left stripped naked to hold all of his ideals taken off from him by the simple component the air current. By utilizing the different # 8216 ; tempers # 8217 ; of the sea, composure and powerful, the poet is able to do a connexion to life. The manner the sea continuously knocks, hurtling stones up against the strand, gives us a sense of inexorability of some emotional strain on his life, # 8216 ; Begin, and cease, and so once more begin # 8217 ; . The concluding stanza is an incorporation of the whole verse form, every bit good as corroborating to the reader what it is the poet is seeking to explain.The concluding stanza, begins like that of the gap stanza, utilizing a really appealing, soft gap, every bit good as words to back up this, # 8216 ; love, true, dreams, beautiful and new # 8217 ; .However once more like the stanzas predating it, changes temper once more, to seek and state us that non count what happens, whether we are true, or in love, we will neer understand the this beauty, either the poet here is mentioning to love, life or the existent beauty of the sea and Dover Beach we do non cognize, nevertheless it points to these subjects.

Photographer

Robert Frank was a renowned photographer in the United States and he was born in Zurich, Switzerland on 9th of November 1924. He begun his career in photography as an apprentice where he learned his skills by observing the works of legendary photographers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Photographer – Robert Frank specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Robert has in- depth knowledge in photography because he was very aggressive from the beginning of his career. In fact he visited many cities within U.S. and managed to take multiple photos but then he found himself behind the bars because some people thought he was spying on them. It is certain that he had a passion for his career and that’s why he visited many countries just for the love of photography. He was very intelligent because he took his photos without attracting attention and when he did he was smart enough to cover his intentions. In photograp hy one needs to be cautious because in some instances photographers can be prosecuted for taking photos of sensitive places such as army barracks, and to be sincere Robert was put behind bars because he was thought to be a spy. A look at some of his images indicate that during those days photos were without color because most of his initial images are in black and white but the element of lighting and shadowing is excellent. This shows that he knew how to position himself to enhance the contrast in his photos. By then automatic cameras had not been invented hence he relied on the sun to provide lighting. If the same photos were to be taken today they would be much better because technology has made things to be easy, hence editing of photos is less tiring because it is done using computers. Robert cropped his photos accurately without loosing the intended message of the photo. Perhaps people who don’t know the history of U.S. should take a look at the works of Robert and real ize that every city has its own history because one will notice that some of the objects captured in his photos are not present today. The photos imply that Americans are very conscious people because of the fashion displayed in these photos. Robert seemed to have the right connections which provided a platform to display his photos during exhibitions and he may have exchanged ideas with fellow photographers hence beginners should consult photographers who have made it in this field. Every job has its challenges and so is photography as evidenced by Robert.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A photographer should then be alert while taking photos because he could be met with a lot of hostility and I think that’s why presidents all over the world have their designated photographers because studies have shown that photography can be abused. Robert employed minimal light in his photos which made them stand out from the rest. May be he was capitalizing on the element of lighting to create a light tone in his images. Most of his images have unique focus which displays his attention to detail. This element is evidenced by Rodeo (see appendix) which was taken in 1954 in New York city because one can not identify the face of the guy who is leaning on the dustbin but since Robert’s photos were not edited there is a lot of reality in this photo because it gives the exact image that one expects according to the focus of the camera. If the photo was taken from another position, say the focus was on the left hand side, the man’s face would be recognizable. But then, it seems Robert took this photo without the knowledge of his subject and he must have been on the same level with his subject. Rodeo seems to have been cropped on the left hand side to erase the protruding shadow at the bottom of the left hand side edge. He did not crop the right hand side that much because it seems he wanted to emphasize on the debris on the streets of New York. Photos that are not colored reveal a lot of other images that cannot be identified in colored photos. The disadvantage of such photos is that the viewer cannot distinguish colors because all colors are either black or white. If a digital or automatic camera had been used the light in this image would unveil the face of this man. The background of this image blends the colors of other objects in the image such as the adjacent buildings because they look like they have a uniform color. Robert seemed to have taken this photo at a close range because the length of the image implies so. The emphasis of this image is on the young guy and the untidy streets. This photo can change one’s attitude about New York since most people think it is very clean because of its fame. The impression created by this photo illustrate that the background of a photo is very important and that’s why most people look at their surrounding when they are posing for a photo. This photo has changed my perception on photography. Rodeo does not have desirable elements of a photo because the image suggests that the photo is a reality due to the subject not being induced to pose and sincerely this image indicate that pictures that are taken without informing the subject have much clarity because when most people are posing for a photo they usually smile and look directly at the lens of the camera. To prove my point I recently took a photo without looking at the camera directly.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Photographer – Robert Frank specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More If one wishes to add contrast he/she opt to use an automatic camera because it can sense where there is inadequate lighting and thus turn the flash light on as opposed to manual cameras that cannot detect darkness. When one is about take a photo he s hould relax and stand still to make sure the image is not distorted. Appendix Rodeo, New York City, 1955 by Robert Frank. Source: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. (2000|). â€Å"Robert Frank: Rodeo, New York City (1992.5162.3)†. Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York. Retrieved from https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1992.5162.3/ This essay on Photographer – Robert Frank was written and submitted by user Andre Juarez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Old and Middle English Literature Essays

Old and Middle English Literature Essays Old and Middle English Literature Paper Old and Middle English Literature Paper The Norman conquest of England began In 1066 and with It began a legacy that would transform he English literature entirely and make way for a new culture known as Norman England. The links created with France established sources for dispersing of Ideas and the merging of others. A new acquired taste In art was evident as well as the popular way to tell poetry through a song and dance. Old English Literature rooted from a heroic culture which established a sense of hierarchical system among the people. A heroic culture was different from a Christian culture in the way social organization was established. The King or Lord was supposed to be a courageous and exemplary man while cowardice was abhorred. In a heroic culture women held no status and strongly believed in revenge as if it was a moral obligation. Another belief of during the literary time was that there was no after-life except in song celebrating valor and deeds. The collection of Old English Literature was preserved due to King Alfred. The literature during the time was primarily oral since few people were literate. Texts were copied by hand by monks for monks since it was extremely expensive. The form of an Old English Prosody consisted of a single poetic unit divided in half by a Caesura each half containing two stresses. A main poetic rule was the sole use of alliteration instead of the traditional rhyme. Another popular source for secular Old English Literature was the inability to distinguish between factual history and legend. These characteristics are transcribed well in Beowulf by an anonymous Anglo-Saxon poet. Beowulf, the protagonist, is a brave Seat who heroically battles a monster who has been terrorizing the residents Greened, Grenades mother, and a dragon. The heavily alliterated poem continues today to be one of the most prominent for recognizing the Old English Literature time and structure. After the Norman Invasion the Old English developed Into the new Middle English culture and language. The Impact of the church dominated highly on every aspect Including culture and literature until the government became centralized and the King became head. Poetry now consisted of new terms and Ideas such as Romance, Courtly love, carol, allusion and allegory. Three groups of poetry were born from the Impact of the Invasion which were religious, secular, and translations of Latin poems. Moral poems and devotional poems were structured on Christian beliefs such as he Crucifixion and the grief of the Virgin Mother. Poems Like Ye That Passe by the Wee, and A cry to Mary ask for people to become better Christians and to contemplate ratter than advocate Tort conversion. During ten tale another popular form was the secular poem which was intended to be sung rather than told such as The Cuckoo Song in which six voices celebrate the coming of spring. Courtly love was also dominant in Middle English Literature as it was in Alison by Francesco Patriarch. In the poem the speaker complains of the great pain the love he has for Alison causes him. Male-female romance is exaggerated and written about in most of the poetry from the Middle English period as well. The Anglo-Saxon period did bring a lot of poems during the 1 lath and 15th centuries which can avidly be distinguished as the Norman Invasion took place. When the Norman came, they brought with them a whole new culture and language which can be seen in the poetry that is left behind. The replacement of conventional rules and Old English literature with the Middle English was not a complete loss for tradition but also aided literature in becoming better and innovated.

Management Service Quality and SERVQUAL Research Paper

Management Service Quality and SERVQUAL - Research Paper Example SERVQUAL as a quality analysis tool takes various facets of customer expectation into consideration and matches them with the real experience (Kettinger, and Lee, 2010). This can be used as a measure by managers of medical insurance companies to establish the true nature of their customer’s feelings. There has been almost a 60% growth of medical insurers in the Middle East, especially in the Arab Emirates. The competition for this limited market has inevitably been high over the last decade. Therefore, many firms have adopted professional marketers to handle the selling of their products (Burns, 2012). However, the packaging of these policies may not be as realistic as they ought to be because sales agents aim for commission and may add untrue facts so that they excite the customers.The health sector in the UAE has grown over the past decade because of the massive investment, both in the country and private players in general. Both local and international companies have set ba se in the country because of its reputation of being economically stable. There are various factors attributing to the exponential growth of the general insurance in the country. These include the fact that the health sector no longer operates in the conventional aspect where the government had the highest stake. In this day and age, there many countries have adopted the competitive free market. Secondly, the use of marketing tools that the corporate world was previously using in this industry.

Twelve Minor Prophets - An Overview Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Twelve Minor Prophets - An Overview - Assignment Example He tells about Babylonia, Persia, Greece, and Rome --- the four kingdoms that would rule over the Jews. It also says here that the future of the nation would be filled with hardships if they continue to fall short in their obedience to God’s commandments. Joel is also known for his account of the final assembly of the exiles at the time of the last redemption. Amos. Amos’ prophecy is mainly directed at the Ten Tribes --- who were eventually lost due to their actions. Amos also says that the Jews have a significant mission in the world, and are given immense power to accomplish this task. With these, he gives warnings to all those in the northern and southern kingdoms of Jerusalem. Amos informs them that a greater punishment, compared to others, awaits the Jews if they do not do their job. â€Å"The bigger they are the harder they fall.† Obadiah. Obadiah supports 100 prophets during the dreadful reign of King Ahab and hides them to safety. He is also famous for his prophecy that is directed at the Jews’ neighbouring nation of Edom. Per Obadiah, these people are also fated to be brought to justice to all their deeds. The Roman Empire is usually associated with Edom. Jonah (Yonah). He is most probably the most well-known of all the minor prophets. Jonah’s book is read in the synagogues on the afternoon of the Yom Kippur war in 1973. Jonah is ordered by God to go to Nineveh, a city located in modern northern Iraq, near the Turkish border. He is to convince the non-Jews to turn away from their ways and repent to God. Jonah tries to avoid the mission that almost costs him his life. He is afraid that the people of Nineveh would pay attention to his reproach and do better, which would definitely create a bad image of the Jews. Jonah tries to avoid the mission by riding on a boat going in the opposite direction. He deals with a violent storm that makes him throw himself overboard to save the other people on the boat. Once in the waters, he is swallowed by a fish, is spat out, then swallowed again by another.  Ã‚  

Upper Body Tests Of Muscular Strength

Upper Body Tests Of Muscular Strength Muscular strength and endurance are one of the health-related physical fitness components (ACSM, 2003). McManis, Baumgartner, Wuest(2000)mentioned that the level of muscular strength and endurance affects an individuals ability to perform daily functions and various physical activities throughout the life span. Upper-body strength and endurance are also considered important for performing functional and daily activities as well as preventing injury and osteoporosis. Because of the importance of upper-body strength and endurance, Engelman Morrow (1991) pointed out that test developers make continuous efforts to develop different upper-body fitness test and include them in test batteries. So that the physical educators can use muscular fitness test scores to document health related physical fitness. There are many test batteries developed by different associations and available for the physical educators. Most of the include test items designed to measure upper body muscular strength and/or muscular endurance (AAHPERD, 1988; Chrysler Fund-Amateur Athletic Union[CE-AAU], 1987; Institute for Aerobics Research[IAR], 1987; PCPFS, 1987). In most of the test batteries, there will be one upper body muscular fitness test included, but some of them may provide several options for the practitioner, such as, the FITNESSGRAMÂ ® health-related physical test battery, which was developed by the CIAR(1999) and is currently endorsed by the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance[AAHPERD], provides the following field tests for the practitioners: (a) the traditional pull-up (PU), (b) the modified pull-up (MPU), (c)the 90o push up (PSU), and (d) the flexed-arm hang (FAH). Although the practitioner may choose to use either of the tests, the PSU is recommended. According to AAHPERD (1988); CF-AAU (1987); PCPFS (1987), PU and FAH are the most commonly used field tests as measurements of upper-body strength and endurance. But, Ross, Pate, Delpy, Gold, and Svilar (1987) argued that MPU and PU are more acceptable field tests for upper-body strength and endurance, because they can provide a better range of scores. Baumgartner, Oh, Chung, Hales (2002); Clemons, Duncan, Blanchard, Gatch, Hollander, Doucet(2004) also pointed out that modified push up test (MPSU) is commonly used to measures upper-body strength and endurance. Statement of Problem Many test batteries include one upper-body strength and endurance tests among the 5 tests mentioned before, or provide several options for the practitioners without any explanation. Zhu (1998) pointed out that if test are used interchangeably, tests must be equivalent. Different tests may involve different muscle groups. According to Pat Manocchias Anatomy of exercise: [a trainers guide to your workout], PU involves biceps brachii,brachioradialis, latissimus dorsi, posterior deltoid, rhomboid, teres major and trapezius. For PSU, it involves deltoideus, coracobrachialis pectoralis major, pectoralis minor and triceps brachii. So a subject may get a high score in PSU but a low score in PU, because he/she has a very strong pectoralis major. Sherman Barfield (2006) pointed out that if tests are not consistent in classification, problems can occur when using test sores to classify whether the subject are in a health fitness zone. Purpose of Study The purpose of the study was to examine the interchangeability as well as the consistency of classification between the upper-body strength and endurance tests, including PU, MPU, FAH, PSU and MPSU by assessing the correlation between the test results among them. Significance of Study Mahar and Rowe (2008) pointed out that for researches, the aims of fitness test are to (a) determine the association between fitness and other health outcomes, (b) evaluate the effectiveness of training programs designed to increase fitness, and (c) determine the prevalence of adequate levels of fitness in defined population groups. In school settings, fitness tests are used to (a)provide individualized feedback to students about their fitness levels, (b) make recommendations for increasing or maintaining current fitness levels, (c) educate students about physical activity and fitness , and provide information to help determine the effectiveness of physical education programs. Among the test manuals available for selection, there are five commonly used upper-body strength and endurance tests, which are PU, MPU, FAH, PSU, MPSU. Test manuals usually include one of these tests in their test battery without explanation on the selection. Also the test manuals usually dont have any detailed information of the test, such as which muscle group will be assessed. FITNESSGRAMÂ ®, a test manual currently endorsed by AAPERD, allows the practitioner the option of administering any of the four upper-body strength and endurance tests, without stating their differences. As fitness test is important for assessing subjects fitness, hence, a subject should receive the same criterion classification regardless of what test is administered. If the tests can be used interchangeably, they must be equivalent. Misclassification of a subject may lead to an overestimation of appropriate physical activity or a discouragement in participation. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the consistency of classification, and interchangeability of the five commonly used upper-body strength and endurance tests. Chapter 2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE In most of the physical fitness test batteries, they include upper-body strength and endurance test, which implied the importance of upper-body strength and endurance in physical fitness (AAHPERD, 1988; Chrysler Fund-Amateur Athletic Union [CE-AAU], 1987; Institute for Aerobics Research [IAR], 1987; PCPFS, 1987). Upper-body strength and endurance are important for performing daily functions and various physical activities. A fitness test can assess subjects physical fitness level and help developing a suitable fitness program for the subject. But if the fitness test can not evaluate or classify the subjects physical fitness level accurately, it may lead to over or underestimation of the ability of the subject. The present study was to determine the consistency of classification, and interchangeability of the five commonly used upper-body strength and endurance tests. The review of literature for the present study focused on the following aspects: (a) validity and reliable of the five upper-body strength and endurance tests, (b) equivalence reliability of the tests, (c) summary of literature review. Validity and reliable of the five upper-body strength and endurance tests Pate, Burgess, Woods, Ross , Baumgartner (1993) studied the concurrent and construct validity of three common field tests of upper-body muscular strength and endurance including pull-up, flexed arm hang, push-up, Vermont modified pull-up and New York modified pull-up in children aged 9-10 years. The major findings are that the test performances were significantly associated with measures of weight-relative muscular strength, except push-up test, which was correlated significantly with the criterion measure of absolute strength, r(92)= .32, p McManis, Baumgartner and Wuest (2000) studied the objectivity and stability reliability of the 90o push-up test for elementary, high school and college-age students. They gave out some recommendations on improving the objectivity and stability reliability of the test, (a) the cadence should not be too slow, (b) elementary students and low-strength college women would be more successful in performing push-ups on their knees, (c) subjects should be required to wear tight, short-sleeved shirt for better judgment on angle of elbows. Baumgartner, Oh, Chung and Hales (2002) also suggested that women and very young individuals should execute push ups on the hands and knees. Besides the clothing, they pointed out that hand placement must be specified in the push-up test protocol. Romain and Mahar (2001) determined the test-retest reliability and equivalence reliability of the push-up and the modified pull-up tests from both norm-referenced and criterion-referenced frameworks. Sixty-two students aged between 10.5 and 12.3 years were administered the push-up and modified pull-up tests. The criterion-referenced test-retest reliability estimates were high for both tests, but the equivalence reliability estimates were considerably lower between them. Also the criterion-referenced equivalence reliability findings were not acceptable. Clemons, Duncan, Blanchard, Gatch, Hollander and Doucet (2004) determined the relationships between flexed-arm hang and select measures of muscular fitness, which are absolute strength (1RM lat pull down), relative strength (1Rm/mass) and muscle endurance (repetitions to failure at 70% of the 1RM). Sixty college-age women were studied and the results showed that FAH is a test of weight-relative muscular strength and appears unrelated to absolute strength or muscle endurance. Equivalence reliability of the tests Pate, Burgess, Woods, Ross, and Baumgartner (1993) found that the performance on the five field tests(pull-up, flexed arm hang, push-up, VMPU and NYMPU tests) were only moderately intercorrelated. The highest interest correlation was between flexed arm hang and VMPU tests, r(92)=.71, P Romain and Hahar (2001) were the pionners to study the criterion-referenced equivalence reliability estimate between push-up and modified pull-up tests among young children. They found that the classification agreement between push-up and modified pull-up tests was low. Also they pointed out that because the FITNESSGRAMÂ ® allowed the physical activity directors to choose among four tests to measure upper-body strength and endurance, the criterion-referenced equivalence reliability of these tests should be examined. Sherman and Barfield (2006) studied the equivalence reliability among the four upper-body strength and endurance tests(Push-up, pull-up, modified pull-up and flexed arm hang) in FITNESSGRAMÂ ®. 383 children in Grades 3 to 6 were tested over a week. The result showed that the equivalence reliability between PSU and MPU was acceptable for boy, but unacceptable for girls. The classifications for boys aged 10 and 11 regarding the push-up and pull-up tests were not consistent, but they were consistent for girls, except age 11. Summary of literature review Upper-body strength and endurance are important for daily functional activities. A valid upper-body strength and endurance can accurately assess and classify subjects muscular fitness level. This information can help physical educator the develop suitable fitness program for the subject. The above studies shown that the five field test are valid for measuring weight related strength rather than absolute strength and endurance. Also, for the equivalence reliability among the tests, there is lack of study on college student. Definition of Terms The following terms were defined operationally: Health-related physical fitness According to American College of Sport Medicine (2003), health-related physical fitness actually has four components: aerobic fitness, muscular fitness, flexibility and body composition. Muscular fitness is the strength and endurance of individuals muscles. Muscular Strength Docherty (1996) stated that the International System of Units (SI) defined strength as the maximal force or torque developed by a muscle, or muscle group, during one maximal voluntary action of unlimited duration at a specified velocity of movement. Muscular Endurance Docherty (1996) defined that muscular endurance is the ability of a muscle, or muscle group, to generate force repeatedly or for an extended period of time. Pull up According to AAHPED (1988), Pull up was defined as a person using overhand grip, body completely extended, raise until chin clears bar, then lower to full hang as in starting position. Flexed arm hang AAHPED (1988) defined Flexed arm hang as a person using overhand grip and in a position with chin clearing bar, elbows flexed, chest close to bar and hold this position as long as possible. Push up Chrysler Fund-Amateur Athletic Union (1987) defined push up as a person in prone position, elbows bent, hands flat on floor, thumbs pointing inward and next to chest, then pushes body up until elbows are straightened, while heels, hips, shoulders, and head remain in the same straight line. Modified pull up Pate, Ross, Baumgartner (1987)defined it as a person in supine position, the bar adjusted just out of reach of fully extended arms. That person grasps bar with overhand grip, maintaining arms and legs straight, feet together. Then pull up the body with arms so chin clears the bar. Fatigue According to Rod et al. (2006), fatigue is defined as the decreased capacity to do work and the reduced efficiency of performance that normally follows a period of activity. Research Hypothesis According to the above literatures reviewed, it was hypothesized that: 1. There would be no significant correlation between the five upper-body strength and endurance test results. And the classification is not consistent. Chapter 3 METHOD The purpose of the study was to examine the interchangeability as well as the consistent in classification of the upper-body strength and endurance tests, including PU, MPU, FAH, PSU and MPSU by assessing the correlation between the test results among them. This chapter was divided into the following parts: (a) subjects; (b) procedures; (c) method of analysis; and (d) statistical hypothesis. Subjects This study was targeted to male college students, who were studying in Hong Kong Baptist University and aged between 19 to 25 years old. Subjects will be selected by convenient sampling. Before the study, subjects was asked to sign on the consent forms after knowing the purpose, benefits and risks of the study. Procedures In this study, subjects were invited to perform the five upper-strength and endurance tests in a specific sequence, which is pull-ups, push-ups, modified pull-ups, modified push-ups and flexed arm hang. Test and retest were held on two separate days with in a week. All tests will be conducted in the fitness room of Hong Kong Baptist University or the fitness room of LCSD. The subjects were strongly advised not to have a heavy meal 2 hours before the sit-up tests. The subjects were invited to do warm up exercises. Warm up exercises included 5 minutes jogging or cycling and then 5 minutes related stretching exercises. After the warm up exercises, subjects were invited to perform the tests. The description of the pull-ups, push-ups, modified pull-ups and flexed arm hang tests were described by the FITNESSGRAMÂ ® (2007): Pull-ups The subject should start will hanging position an the bar with an overhand grasp. The subject uses the arms to pull the body up until the chin is above the bar and then lowers the body again into the full hanging position. The exercise is repeated as many times as possible. There is no time limit. Push-ups The subject should begin with a prone position with hand place under or slightly wider than the shoulder, fingers stretched out, legs straight and slightly apart, and toes tucked under. Then pushes up of the mat with the arms until arms are straight, keeping the kegs and back straight. The subject then lowers the body using the arms until the elbows bend at a 90o angle and the upper arms are parallel to floor. This movement is repeated as many times as possible. Modified pull-ups The student grasps the bar with an overhand grip. The pull up begins in this down position with arms and legs straight, buttocks off the floor, and only heels touching the floor. The student then pulls up until the chin is above the bar. The subject then lowers the body to the down position. Movement continues in a rhythmic manner. Flexed Arm Hang The subject grasps the bar with an overhand grip. With the assistance of one or more spotters, the student raises the body off the floor to a position in which the chin is above the bar, elbows are flexed, and the chest is close to the bar. The position is held as long as possible. Modified Push-up The subject should begin with a prone position with hand place under or slightly wider than the shoulder, fingers stretched out, legs straight and slightly apart, and knees tucked under. Then pushes up of the mat with the arms until arms are straight, keeping the legs and back straight. The subject then lowers the body using the arms until the elbows bend at a 90o angle and the upper arms are parallel to floor. This movement is repeated as many times as possible. There will be three minutes rest between each test. Delimitations The following delimitations were included in this study: The subjects of the study were delimited to the male students who were studying in Hong Kong Baptist University and aged between 19 to 25 years old. All the tests were carried at the fitness room of Hong Kong Baptist University or the fitness room of LCSD. The test and retest were held in separate days within a week. Data Analysis Statistical hypothesis The following null hypothesis was examined: 1. There would be significant correlation between the five upper-body strength and endurance test results. And the classification is consistent. Statistical Analysis Data were reported as mean and standard deviation. Minimum and maximum values of variables were analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Pearson Production Moment Coefficient of Correlation (r) was used to examine the correlation between the 1-min sit-up result with that having fixed frequency and no time limit. An alpha level of p Limitations The following limitations were included in this study: 1. The subjects are restricted to the students who can use the fitness room of Hong Kong Baptist University or LCSD. 2. The motivation of the subjects in performing the tests, as all the tests are with no time limit, was uncontrollable. It might affect the results of the study. 3. The performance of the subjects might be affected because of their physical lifestyle and the physical activity level. 4. The performance of the subjects might affected due to their different physical characteristics. Study findings are applicable only to the subjects included in this study.

Ilu, the Talking Drum Essay

For too long, people have neglected to remember where their culture stems from. The culture that lies in our past is connected to our present and ultimately, our future. Despite the possibilities that learning about our past can offer, there is no limit to how much despair can be found during the search. However, it is because of those faults that allow us to move forward in life. This point of view is the main focus in the poem â€Å"Ilu, the Talking Drum,† a tale revolving around the remembrance of the author’s culture. In any case, we may not be able to look back, but we can certainly move forward. The main premise of â€Å"Ilu† is a tale of simplicity for the most part. It speaks about the simple pleasures of a nice day, beautiful areas, a serene silence, and the beauty of love making. However, with every bright side to a story, there is a darkness that accompanies it. Simply put, life is easily interrupted by the sight of chaos and the surrounding environments. Tunji, the designated main character of the poem, straps on his ilu, the eponymous instrument of the story, and begins to play a repetitive beat, â€Å"kah doom/kah doom-doom/kah doom/kah doom-doom-doom,† as a way to ward off whatever seems to be attacking the characters. At the end, the playing of the drum ends the poem, settling the story on a peaceful note. The poem, penned by Etheridge Knight, speaks about how something so simple, such as the beat of a drum, can soothe even the most threatening of situations. It also reveals a few examples of wisdom, such as saying that the simple things in life are often the best. It also plays the reader’s sense of having security and peace, as if they want to be comforted by the thoughts of the poem. It also makes use of racial epithets, but used in a way to convey it as an informal term for an African-American. The story relies on the use of intense imagery, as the poem utilizes a creeping darkness as the principal scene for the story and in a way, the main antagonist. It seems that the overall peaceful tone of the poem is perhaps its greatest strength, as well as its greatest weakness. One of the poem’s lesser faults is that it is short in comparison to other stories of similar content, but it is most ignored by the reader. Another fault of the story is it is unclear of what the story’s meaning is, even if one were to read it. As a result, it requires much consideration and thought in order to find the basis of the author’s reasoning for writing such a poem. As mentioned earlier, the poem’s inherent weakness makes it target for readers who do not have a taste for such poems, which can potentially turn away much of the reading population. As a result, the story may not see much use in the foreseeable future. In closing, the poem helps those interested in it to remember the easier times and can help to embrace a more peaceful existence. The story provides guidance and knowledge, which in turn imparts the necessities to lead this lifestyle. A culture cannot survive if all is forgotten, but by reviving its traditions and practices, it will live for all time.

How did religion influence the fabric of colonial life? Essay

Increased autonomy in the hospital interns of the budget. These include decisions like what and how much to spend on staffing and drug purchases. Performance should be used in rewarding management team. This will encourage the team to make more sound judgments and implement better policies. Increased budget for drugs and any other medical supplies. When the budget is adjusted positively, the hospital will be at a position of buying more drugs, this will encourage quality care and utilization rate; in terms of the number of admissions. At the long run, this decreases the total cost per admission. Changing Normal practices for specific admission cases. This is through physicians of different departments of the hospital. When this is put into practice, the length of stay will be reduced by more than 50%. The reduction of stay realizes a decrease in the cost. Level of competency should also be increased in terms of staffing ratios per bed, supporting technology, team work and services rendered by the organization are all determinants of the quality of services. An upgrading formula encourages changes and efficiency. For instance, patients at ICU will tend to need more patients than patients at orthopedics. Maintenance of hospital equipments. Normally, maintenance of hospital equipments in majority of US hospitals today, maintenance is mainly focused of repairing hospital equipments that have already been confirmed as out of order. But it doesn’t take maintenance to prevent future damage seriously. If preventive measures are taken, this will reduce the cost of future spending. What should cost containment programs focus on? Maximizing available funds for budgets’ sake. This can be done through four ways one is through Medicare maximization. A couple of states may be service providers but some of these funds are got through general funds. Such should be converted to become Medicare programs. This in return adds on revenue through increased federal funds. Switching from low match to high match categories is another way the government can gain by receiving enhanced reimbursement for services that are already provided. Government should also focus in inter-governmental transfers. This focuses on lending to less advantaged sectors of the economy by the sectors that are doing fine. Containment programs should also focus on reconfiguring the long term Care delivery system. This encourages community and home cares for status since they are able to cut Medicare spending or also provide more effective and attractive services. This requires more focus on the long term demand for long term care services. Considering how expenditures for prescription drugs moved up, focus should be directed to states that cover outpatient prescription drugs under Medicare. They must cover necessary cost with the government to pay taxes for the product they purchase. The state should also perform management benefits included for people with more drug costs. The state also focuses on adjusting reimbursement rates for specific services to containment strategy. Managing health care better: This can involve Primary Care Case Management (PCCM) or conventional managed care. People should work hand in hand with the state to improve the quality of a care given. In addition the federal government should also focus on expanding managed care. The government should encourage Movements like Medicare. Selective contrasting is the last form of focus that the federal government should consider. The government can turn to selective contracting or let people be involved in competitive bidding in order to cut cost. (Kala 2002) What Should Be Done In Order To Reduce Cost Inefficiency Hospitals should not be let to run independently and if they have to, the government should run majority of the hospitals and the private sector be left to run a similar percentage to cut monopoly that gives entrepreneurs the right to increase hospital costs. â€Å"Like many businessmen of genius he learned that free competition was wasteful, monopoly efficient. And so he simply set about achieving that efficient monopoly† (Mario Puzzo 1920) The government should introduce rules and regulations that manage the hospitality industry at large. If the federal government monitored the spending and introduced rule that doctors should follow they will have no reason to ignore. the general public too will know that they are obliged to do a particular task. For instance ignorance of the general public is encouraging exploitation because they are turning to insurance companies. Insurance companies on the other hand have realized that there is a big opportunity to maximize profits due to the linking of hospital costs. If the general public decides to ignore insurance or have their terms and conditions stated first, then insurance companies will cut cost too. Government spending should be monitored. In cases where any particular government introduces a particular monetary policy, spending is automatically regulated. If the USA government introduced a fiscal or monetary policy, Different sectors of the economy can be taxed more in order to reduce the difference; for expansion and sales. An example is the drug companies and insurance companies. Bibliography Appleby J (2007) Consumer Unease with US health care grows.USA Today. Garman N. & Tyler. J. (2004), CEO Succession planning in freestanding US hospitals: final report. American College of healthcare executives. Golda D, Richard R, Latha M: (2005). Containment in the intensive care unit. The internet journal of pulmonary medicine: Puzzo (1969) US Novelist. The Godfather Ladenheim Kala (2002) Medicaid Cost Containment: legislation’s tool kit. Fried H Productive, (1998) Scale and scope efficiencies in US hospital-bases nursing homes Patrick M, Rosko M, Vaidmanis v . Relationship between hospital cost inefficiency and debt ratings.

According to most psychologists and research on...

According to most psychologists and research on dissociative disorders, Dissociative Identity Disorder (previously known as Multiple Personality Disorder) is a posttraumatic mental illness formed from disturbing experiences as a child, especially child abuse. The socio-cognitive model describes integration between social and cognitive influences on the way to function and process information and is therefore connected. Psychiatrists who believe in this model suggest that DID is not a valid psychiatric disorder but instead caused by therapists training their patients to believe their symptoms are leading them to create different sets of personalities. Also, DID may be a result of the media’s portrayal on psychotherapeutic defense mechanisms†¦show more content†¦According to this socio-cognitive model, psychotherapists have the most crucial role in influencing a patient’s condition by proposing and validating the concept of alternate identities, using hypnosis to create symptoms, and then manipulating the patients behavior through differential reinforcement (Spanos, 1994). It is also highly possible that the media could have led to the growing creation of the disorder by presenting cases such as Corbett H. Thigpen and Hervey M. Cleckley’s, The Three Faces of Eve, and Sybil, written by Flora Rheta Schreiber. These books and films have legitimized this mental disorder and facilitated the general public in learning how to replicate the character of someone diagnosed with DID. There have been many critiques of the theory that DID is medically induced and the conclusions reached by researchers has often stated that even though some developing symptoms of DID can be created from therapeutic advice, there is not any evidence that suggests that the disorder itself could be created. Therefore, the theory fails to explain several reported cases of the disorder. It has also been acknowledged that the definitive assumption is false because itShow MoreRelatedDissociative Identity Disorder Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pagesparticular film came to mind. Teddy Daniels, played by Leonardo DiCaprio in Shutter Island is a perfect example of someone who displays dissociative identity disorder. Even though the movie leaves the audience curious as to whether Daniels actually has multiple personality disorder, it is evident by the end of the film that Daniels has dissociative personality disorder. 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